常用化学，BPA的尿液水平较高，与心血管疾病联系，糖尿病

根据9月17日问题的一项研究，较高水平的尿性双酚A（BPA），常用于塑料包装中的塑料包装中的化合物，与心血管疾病，2型糖尿病和肝酶异常相关联贾马。本研究正在早期释放以与BPA的食物和药物管理局（FDA）重合。

BPA是世界上最高的生产量化学品之一，2003年在全球范围内生产的200多万吨，每年需求为6％至10％，根据文章中的背景信息。它用于许多消费产品中的塑料。

"Widespread and continuous exposure to BPA, primarily through food but also through drinking water, dental sealants, dermal exposure, and inhalation of household dusts, is evident from the presence of detectable levels of BPA in more than 90 percent of the U.S. population," the authors write. Evidence of adverse effects in animals has created concern over low-level chronic exposures in humans, but there is little data of sufficient statistical power to detect low-dose effects. This is the first study of associations with BPA levels in a large population, and it explores "normal" levels of BPA exposure.

David Melzer, M.B., Ph.D., of Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, U.K., and colleagues examined associations between urinary BPA concentrations and the health status of adults, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004. The survey included 1,455 adults, age 18 through 74 years, with measured urinary BPA concentrations.

研究人员发现，在报告心血管疾病和糖尿病的诊断的人中，平均BPA浓度调整为年龄和性别。BPA浓度的1标准偏差（SD）增加与心血管疾病（心绞痛，冠心病或心脏病发作）和糖尿病增加了39％的增加。

当将BPA浓度分成四分位数时，与最低四分位数相比，最高BPA浓度四分位数的参与者具有近三倍的心血管疾病的几率。同样，与最低四分位数的人相比，最高BPA浓度四分位数的那些具有2.4倍的糖尿病的几率。

此外，较高的BPA浓度与三个肝酶的临床异常浓度有关。没有观察到与其他诊断的关联。

"Using data representative of the adult U.S. population, we found that higher urinary concentrations of BPA were associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and liver-enzyme abnormalities. These findings add to the evidence suggesting adverse effects of low-dose BPA in animals. Independent replication and follow-up studies are needed to confirm these findings and to provide evidence on whether the associations are causal," the authors conclude. "Given the substantial negative effects on adult health that may be associated with increased BPA concentrations and also given the potential for reducing human exposure, our findings deserve scientific follow-up."

引文：JAMA。2008; 300 [11]：1303-1310。www.jamamedia.org.

资料来源：Jama和Archives期刊

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