Obese inducing brain mechanism

Obese inducing brain mechanism
Weekly body weights by wild-type (WT) and Ptprj-KO (KO) male mice fed a high fat/high sucrose diet (HF/HSD) from 4 of age (left). Daily ND intake by WT and KO mice during 12 weeks of age on HF/HSD (right). Credit: NIBB

Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that stimulates hypothalamic neurons to strongly inhibit food intake. Leptin signaling in the hypothalamus, a part of the mid-brain, thus plays a crucial role in the regulation of body weight: Leptin resistance, in which leptin signaling is disrupted, is a major obstacle to the improvement of obesity. However, the exact mechanisms underlying leptin resistance in obese patients have yet to be determined.

The research group of Professor Masaharu Noda, Associate Professor Takafumi Shintani, and a graduate student Satoru Higashi of the National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB) demonstrated thatphosphatase receptor type J (PTPRJ) inhibits leptin signaling and that induction of PTPRJ in the hypothalamus is a cause of leptin resistance.

They showed that Ptprj is expressed intogether with leptin receptors, and that PTPRJ inhibits activation of thethrough dephosphorylation of JAK2, aassociated with the leptin receptor.

Ptprj-deficient (Ptprj-KO) mice showed no growth retardation, but exhibited lower weight gain due to lower food intake and a lower adiposity, than wild-type (WT) mice. Importantly, PTPRJ expression in the hypothalamus was up-regulated by diet-induced obesity, and, thus, diet-induced leptin resistance did not occur in Ptprj-KO mice.

Obese inducing brain mechanism
Yellow and blue regions indicate fat and lean tissue, respectively. Credit: NIBB

Furthermore, the overexpression of PTPRJ in the hypothalamus induced leptin resistance in lean mice. These results strongly indicate that PTPRJ plays critical roles in the development of leptin resistance. The inhibition of PTPRJ may be a potential strategy for improving obesity.

Obese inducing brain mechanism
Leptin (500 ng) or vehicle was i.c.v. injected as indicated 1 h before the onset of the dark phase in WT and KO mice. Credit: NIBB

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更多的信息:Takafumi Shintani et al, PTPRJ Inhibits Leptin Signaling, and Induction of PTPRJ in the Hypothalamus Is a Cause of the Development of Leptin Resistance,Scientific Reports(2017).DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12070-7
Journal information: Scientific Reports

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