组合T细胞和靶向治疗策略,用于抗黑色素瘤与BRAF突变
Wistar Institute和Moffitt Cancer Cent的协作研究表明,BRAF靶向疗法使抗性黑素瘤对杀手T细胞的攻击更敏感。这个结果,在线发布临床癌症研究,建议采用T细胞疗法可使患者患有抗BRAF抑制剂。
大约50%的黑素瘤患者在BRAF蛋白中携带突变。靶向治疗BRAF的抑制剂和下游途径在这些患者中非常有效,但由于治疗抗性发病,长期效益受到限制。以前的研究表明,BRAF抑制剂(BRAFI)积极影响抗肿瘤免疫反应受T细胞介导的,最近的小临床试验表明,用Brafi和Pay采用T细胞疗法的组合治疗的患者中显示出阳性临床反应,或者从同一患者分离的肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞并膨胀离体。
"The combinatorial approach of BRAFi and adoptive cell therapy is very promising but the mechanisms mediating this interaction have not been elucidated," said Dmitry I. Gabrilovich, M.D., Ph.D., Christopher M. Davis Professor and program leader of the Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program at Wistar and a co-corresponding author on the study. "More importantly, we had no proof that this strategy would also benefit patients who have developed resistance to BRAFi therapy."
Gabrilovich实验室的研究表明,叫做甘露糖-6-磷酸盐受体(M6PR)的蛋白质的水平增加对于癌症不同小鼠模型中的免疫疗法和化疗或放射治疗的组合治疗或放射治疗的抗肿瘤作用是重要的。
"We asked whether BRAFi could induce the same upregulation of M6PR and whether this effect could be exploited to potentiate the effects of adoptive T cell therapy in BRAFi-resistant tumors, for which clinical options are still very limited," said Amod Sarnaik, M.D., associate member of the Department of Cutaneous Oncology at Moffitt and a co-senior author on the study.
重要的是,M6PR是Granzyme B的受体,其由活化的CD8 + T细胞产生的物质,并介导这些杀手免疫细胞释放的有毒货物的摄入量。
该团队证实,BRAF抑制诱导培养的黑素瘤细胞中m6pr的表达。重要的是,在BRAFI抗性细胞中也观察到这种效果。此外,增加M6PR的表达与更高摄入粒胶酶B的摄入量和Melanoma的敏感性增加细胞肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞的毒性活性。
在试验临床试验中评估了这些观察结果的翻译相关性,其中使用Brafi Vemurafenib治疗16例转移性黑素瘤患者,然后用肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞进行养殖T细胞疗法。组合治疗耐受良好,研究人员观察到BRAFI在患者的肿瘤中引起M6PR的显着增加。
本研究表明采用T细胞治疗可能对治疗方式有用耐心谁经历过Brafi的肿瘤进展。
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