有效性,稍纵即逝,选择性CDS-induced小胶质细胞耗竭青少年PFC的老鼠。(A)代表图像Iba1 +小胶质细胞(绿色)的内侧PFC青春期小鼠接受虚假的手术或双边intra-PFC注入PBS或cd。拍摄该照片1、5、10和20天post-injection (dpi)。酒吧图表显示内侧Iba1 +小神经胶质细胞的数量在不同的dpi PFC间隔。* * * P < 0.05, P < 0.01, * * * P < 0.001(事后测试后在1 dpi方差分析:F (12) = 12.7, P < 0.01;在5 dpi: F (12) = 140.5, P < 0.001);N = 5每组和dpi老鼠。(B)不同颜色覆盖的日冕PFC部分来自五个老鼠每组(PBS或cd),其中每个点代表一个Iba1 +小胶质细胞。注意减少小胶质细胞密度在PFC cd的内侧部分老鼠,表示的符号(*)。(C)基因的表达[log2褶皱变化(FC)]定义小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞、神经元、胶质细胞和内皮细胞cd相对PBS老鼠dpi 5点; significantly altered genes are denoted with the symbol (*), based on FDR q < 0.05, as provided in fig. S6 and table S1; N = 5 mice per group. Credit:科学的进步(2022)。DOI: 10.1126 / sciadv.abi6672
前额叶小胶质细胞缺乏症在青春期扰乱了成人的认知功能。(一)第一阶段(D,虚拟对象;米,陌生的老鼠)和第二阶段(F,熟悉鼠标;N,小说鼠标)社会交互的测试。酒吧情节展示社会偏好指数(第一阶段)和社会记忆指数(阶段2),而线情节描述绝对探索次阶段。§P < 0.001(整体主要影响对象:F (18) = 20.7);* P < 0.05 (t (18) = 2.84);+ P < 0.01(主要影响对象的PBS老鼠:F (9) = 16.7)。(B)的情节描述百分比的时间探索左(L)或右(R)对象在样品阶段1和2的时间顺序记忆测试。棒图显示了时间顺序记忆指数在测试阶段。 **P < 0.01 [t(18) = 2.98]. (C) Percent time freezing during the habituation, acquisition, and expression phases (left and middle line plots) and extinction rate (% change from freezing levels measured during the expression phase; right line plot) during the contextual fear test. The arrows indicate the presentation of foot shock. **P < 0.01, based on post hoc tests following ANOVA [treatment × days interaction: F(3,54) = 2.9, P < 0.05]. N = 10 mice in each group and test. Credit:科学的进步(2022)。DOI: 10.1126 / sciadv.abi6672
前额叶小胶质细胞缺乏症在青春期诱导结构锥体神经元的突触变化成人曼宁(A)代表如果污渍biocytin-filled锥体神经元与伊万里瓷器重建图像分析软件(左)与数字化应用同心球体(20-μm间距)soma中心(右)。线路图描绘了树突的数量对soma径向距离十字路口。* P < 0.05,基于事后测试后方差分析(治疗×距离交互:F (15180) = 2.7, P < 0.01);N = 7,老鼠每组。(B)代表的话染色使用VGLUT1(红色)作为突触前和psd - 95(绿色)突触后神经元兴奋性的标志。VGLUT1 + / psd - 95 + colocalizing突触突出显示的白色圆圈放大部分。散点图显示的密度(每平方毫米)数字VGLUT1 + / psd - 95 +突触的内侧PFC PBS (N = 9)和cd (N = 10)老鼠。* * P < 0.01, t = 2.97 (17)。(C)代表的话染色使用VGAT(红色)和突触前Gephyrin(绿色)作为抑制性神经元的突触后标记。VGAT + / Gephyrin + colocalizing突触突出显示的白色圆圈放大部分。 The scatterplot shows the density (numbers per square millimeter) of VGAT+/Gephyrin+ synapses in the PFC of PBS (N = 9) and CDS (N = 10) mice. **P < 0.01, t(17) = 2.88. (D) The photomicrograph shows a representative IF stain of a biocytin-filled pyramidal dendritic section before (top) and after (bottom) surface rendering with Imaris. Different spine classes (1, filopodia; 2, long thin; 3, mushroom; and 4, stubby spines) are highlighted in different colors in the surface-rendered image. The scatterplots show the number of different spines. *P < 0.05, t(12) = 3.22; N = 7 mice per group. Credit:科学的进步(2022)。DOI: 10.1126 / sciadv.abi6672
前额叶小胶质细胞缺乏青春期前导致成年选择性行为和认知变化。(一)第一阶段(D,虚拟对象;米,陌生的老鼠)和第二阶段(F,熟悉鼠标;N,小说鼠标)社会交互的测试。酒吧的情节显示社会偏好指数在阶段1(值> 0代表偏好向M)和社会记忆指数在第二阶段(值> 0代表偏好向N),而线情节描述绝对探索次阶段。* P < 0.05 (t (34) = 2.6);§P < 0.001 (F(34) = 46.7),反映出整体的主要作用对象在阶段1;+ P < 0.05,反映出区别PBS和cd老鼠的时间探索活老鼠,基于事后测试后方差分析(治疗×对象交互:F (34) = 3.8, P < 0.05);# P < 0.01,反映出对象的整体主要作用在第二阶段(F (34) = 8.4)。(B)酒吧情节描述相对的时间百分比(%)探讨左侧(L)或向右(R)对象在样品阶段1和2的时间顺序记忆测试。 The bar plot shows the temporal order memory index during the test phase (values > 0 represent a preference toward the temporally more remote object presented in sample phase 1). (C) Percent time freezing during the habituation, acquisition, and expression phases (left and middle line plots) and extinction rate (% change from freezing levels measured during the expression phase; right line plot) during the contextual fear test. The arrows indicate the presentation of foot shock. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01, based on post hoc tests following repeated-measures ANOVA [treatment × days interaction: F(3,102) = 3.2, P < 0.05]. All data are means ± SEM with individual values overlaid; N = 18 male mice in each group and test. Credit:科学的进步(2022)。DOI: 10.1126 / sciadv.abi6672
