许多胎盘细胞多倍体和显示Myc和炎症通路的变化。(A)原理的充分发展鼠标胎盘不同层和细胞。(B)使用5 s rDNA DNA荧光原位杂交探针显示基因组的复制的数量在不同的胎盘细胞类型14.5 dpc使用10µm石蜡wax-embedded部分。这些是z栈的最大投影。滋养层干细胞被用作二倍体控制。n = 3生物复制。规模的酒吧:10µm。(C)量化的数量5 s rDNA焦点不同的细胞类型。二倍体,n = 17;P-TGCs n = 11; S-TGCs, n=8; SpTs, n=168; GlyTs, n=156; decidua, n=144). The box plot shows the ploidy of various cell types. In box plots, boxes represent interquartile range and whiskers represent minimum and maximum values. *P<0.05. (D) UMAP (uniform manifold approximation and projection) of 14.5 dpc placenta using scRNA-seq analysis. Each dot represents a single cell. Two biological replicates were performed. (E) Differential gene expression was performed between diploid (hematopoietic stem cells) and other polyploid cells. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) using differentially expressed genes shows changes in upstream regulators in polyploid cells. Asterisks highlight the pathways differentially used by several placental cell types when compared with non-placental cells. Credit:发展(2023)。DOI: 10.1242 / dev.201581